We have modeled a variety of interactions of ultrasound with tissue, including temperature, propagation of heat, attenuation, the effects of transducer geometry and transmitter-receiver distance. These have been guided by models reviewed in reports such as the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements 113 and 140. The modeling results assist in designing effective experiments.
We have performed ultrasound experiments through various media including animal tissues, in vitro and in vivo. These have led to designs for ultrasound-based implantable power generators (IPGs) and external ultrasound transmission units. The latter incorporate features such as lateral, angular and distance alignment with the implanted receiver.
Our laboratory has a full compliment of equipment to generate power, directionality, attenuation, phase change, and transit time of ultrasound, both pulsed and continuous wave, in a variety of media associated with medical devices. We can measure temperature, impedance, standing wave ratio, resonance effects, and other parameters associated with ultrasound transmission.